вторник, 29 декабря 2015 г.

TECHNOLOGY aligning surfaces of walls on beacons

As beacons best use the flashing profile, are easy to get at any hardware store.

Try and try to build lighthouses using cement-sand mortar or plaster is not necessary. Create enough flat and level strip of them will not work, and then place the joint beacons and basic solution is subject to delamination.

The installation of beacons start from the corners, and the distance between them is less than the length of the rules of 10 cm. In order to comply with the correct level of the installation, it is best to use screws that are screwed into a wall for most hat line location Beacon profile. On the upper screw hung a plumb line, and the rest be turned out of position when they are flush with the cap thread plummet. Do not forget that should be aligned to the same level as the screws on all lines of the profiles, as well as to bring the right angle between the plane of hats screws and the surface adjacent the walls of the room. Next set and secured themselves profile.

Along the edges of the lines and in several places in the mid-apply a small amount of solution. Beacon profile attach the line, so they went to their base on the cap screws and deepened little bumps solution. When the solution has dried, you can proceed directly to the plastering.

Application plaster
If the final layer of plaster will exceed 10-15 mm, the process of its application should be divided into two stages. The first call, distribute the solution on the wall and leveled so that it did not reach the level of the plane of the lighthouses around 5-10 mm. When the first layer of the solution dries, you can begin the final plastering.

The solution is applied with a small surplus and leveling the rule, which abuts ends on the flashing profile. Tools should be kept from the bottom upwards, slightly shaking it from side to side, in any case without taking it from the beacons. Best of all, if the smooth surface will already after the first pass.

The angles between the wall and the floor / ceiling of the output when the bulk of the solution has a bit sticking, but still moist. For this operation, use a special trowel to create internal corners.

When all the wall dried out properly, you can proceed to the removal of lighthouses. Strips left after them, seal the plaster solution, using ready-made sections of the level. Only in the case is expected to further laying ceramic tiles, can be left in the wall profile.

The final part of the work
As a result of this work already has a flat wall surface. However, no matter what materials to align the walls have been used in this way it would fit except for the tile, even in this embodiment, it should be primed. For all other cladding materials should be made and the grinding surface of the wall putty, finally leveling the wall surface to a smooth condition. Caulking is used at first start. A layer of putty applied in accordance with the manufacturer's mixture. For painting walls or thin wallpaper stickers also use putties, which is subsequently overwritten by a special net to perfectly smooth state.

понедельник, 21 декабря 2015 г.

How to grow a bone of Mandarin at home. Instructions.


1. For planting mandarin you will need seeds, or rather the bones, which can "get", purchased in the store a few ripe tangerines. For the success of the event is best to seed was bigger (at least 5-10), as not all will be able to germinate.

2.Dalee needed to hatch bones or swollen. To do this, the bones should be wrapped in gauze and lightly dampened with water for several days.

3.Optimalnym soil for planting will be bought at a flower shop a special land for citrus, but in principle any suitable mandarins light mixture. For example, if you mix equal parts of turf and ground sheet, completely rotted manure and compost humus, your Mandarin is surely enjoy. A mixture of peat-based does not cost to do any buying. Do not forget about the need for drainage.
For the emergence mandarin need quite a long time, the first visible seedlings appear only after two or three weeks, and sometimes even a whole month.

4.Mandarin generally grows very slowly, and sometimes even stops the growth. But if you do not lose hope and enthusiasm and will provide him with the necessary care, it will grow beautiful, pleasing your eyes trees.

5.Konechno Mandarin unpretentious in the content tree (not just among citrus, but also among all other plants), but subject to certain rules of care, he still requires. The most important condition for it - plenty of sunlight. For light-demanding mandarin must be intensive coverage 12 hours a day all year round.

6.Takzhe Mandarin is very kind to humidity. In the summer it must be watered abundantly, but not filled, and winter watering should be reduced, but to make sure that the soil does not dry up. In addition, the daily need to spray the leaves mandarin filtered or boiled clean water to compensate for the dryness of the air, you can even be positioned in the vicinity of a small mandarin room fountain, that it moistens the air further.

7.Po grows mandarin tree should be transplanted into a larger pot. This is best done in late winter - early spring. We must take a pot with a diameter of 3-5 cm more than the previous one. Transplanted tangerine tree by handling as much of the old earthen room, so as not to damage the root system of the plant.

8.Cherez few weeks after the transplant the tree is to begin the period of active growth. Such periods will be repeated several times during the spring and summer season. During this period, you need a week or two to feed the mandarin mineral and organic fertilizers. It can be used as fertilizer sleeping tea brew you want prikopat soil.

9.Mandariny grown at home, only grow to 1.5 meters and are miniature trees, perfectly fit into any interior, even without the fruit. And when the trees are full of fragrant flowers, and then bright fruits, it becomes the universal center of gravity, giving beauty and causing gasps of admiration.
STEP 31 To order in the house

How to make the house more comfortable without spending?

1. Less furniture. Even large living room will look like a junk shop, if crowded furniture. Get rid of the excess. Leave a basic set of sofa, bookshelves, a comfortable chair, soft ottoman and a coffee table. Organize your space so that you feel comfortable to walk.
2 assorted debris. Do not spare the old magazines. Leave the last two numbers, and if you like any item, pluck it and save it in a folder.
3. Clear the place. There is a rule: table top coffee table should be 75% free! Choose a model with drawers and bottom shelf.
4. Easier to get. Make small decorative items (candles, vases, and so on. D.) To separate the beautiful tray. It will be easier to clean up and get these things on a case by case basis.
5. Remote control. If you have several of them, gather together in a closed basket or piled on a decorative platter.
6. An odd number. For most sofas only three pillows in harmonizing colors, one of which must be monotonous (if a large sofa, you can put five pillows, of which two are self-colored).
7. fallback. Soft pouf - another seat and additional storage space.
8. Floor covering. Several small rugs can visually reduce the space. Instead, better to lay on the wooden floor and even on carpet monochrome one big spectacular carpet.

ON SHELVES
Even aficionados will be able to read to keep order!

1. Not only does the book. Leave the shelves no more than three items. For example, vases of different shapes, but in one color.
2. Make a selection. Do not strive to ensure that each of you read the book was on the shelf, leave only those that impressed you. Your goal - to free the books from at least 10% of the shelf. Do not forget that now a lot can be stored in an electronic library.
3. Focus. Photos issue in the frame, similar in style, color and material.
4. Toy Story. Teach children to put toys, posting easy baskets on the lower shelves.

IN THE KITCHEN
Convenience and accessibility - the main principles of arrangement of kitchen space.

1. Close-up. Frying pans and casserole quickly fill the cupboards, and get them uncomfortable. It is much easier to place all over the stove in the roof rail and hang on hooks.
2. caps. Buy the stand and secure it to the door or inside cabinet wall.
3. Cooking utensils. Keep high the bowl next to the stove to cooking takes less time.
4. Excess plastic. Do not hoard food containers. Leave a few different sizes, no more
5. Remove the drawers. Keep only those items that you use daily, and remove the rest of the upper or deeper shelves.
6. Secret store. Use the space under the kitchen socket to remove the back trays and trays. It's comfortable!

AT THE ENTRANCE
Nothing extra!

1. Sort. Household paper divide into two categories: bills and payments are fastened and remove the folder children's drawings inserted in a frame!
2. overboard. 90% of the brochures can be discarded immediately, not sparing. And the remaining 10%, which may be useful to put in a significant basket.
3. Catalogues and instructions. You can use the electronic version of those that you really need.
4. Mobility. Carrying a basket of internal file or box on wheels will allow to store the paper in any corner of the room.
5. The destruction of excess. If the house you have to work and accumulated a lot of paper, get a shredder for shredding.
6. The key to success. Put the keys in a separate bowl, put it in the most prominent place at the entrance.
7. ready. Place the bins at the door to go to the fold in the paper are unnecessary.

Bathroom renovation
No repairs and alterations!

1. The upper level. Install vertical dividers - you will have a free space, and the order will be more.
2. Medications. Wet and warm bathroom, probably the worst place to store medicines. Find them cool and dry area.
3. Dispensers. If the edge of the bath did not fit shampoos and gels, buy a hanging feeder. It is convenient and economical!
4. Behind the scenes. Place the plastic box to store detergent under the sink.
5. Cosmetics. Buy a small cosmetic transparent Velcro - everything is visible, accessible and lies neatly.
6. Hot! The ceramic base is convenient to store not had time to cool the tongs or hair dryer.


воскресенье, 13 декабря 2015 г.

   Removing the rust before painting metal

To paint the metal must first be processed rust appeared on it. To do this is not difficult.

You will need:
1. Wire brush.
2. Means: "Rust Fighter" and "rust converter".
3. anticorrosive composition, varnish and paint.

Process:
1. Slight traces of rust, remove the brush and then apply anticorrosive paint.
2. If the metal heavily eaten by rust, there are two possibilities:
a) impose on the metal "fighter rust." By breeding rust he briefly protect the surface before applying the paint on it with corrosion inhibitor, and at the same time, improve the adhesion of paint to the metal.
b) treat the rust so-called "rust converter". Apply it with a brush or a small bottle of nabryznite on cleansed brush land. The composition of interacting with the rust, turns it into a solid layer of black: a new connection takes the paint and prevents rust to spread.
3. Small metal parts and products can be cleaned of rust washing in the bath with an anticorrosive composition, and then clean with a wire brush. To again rusted parts - cover them with clear anti-corrosion paint.

How to insulate a balcony? 6 steps


Useful floor space is always too little. Discover missing a few meters, with whom life will be spacious and comfortable, perhaps on the balcony. Patience, owning a high quality building materials and the necessary knowledge, the owners of the apartment are beginning to arrange well balcony space.
People love to find a useful application of each site apartment in the corridor there is a spacious wardrobe, and numerous storage rooms filled with not too old the right things in the hall cupboard stores heirlooms. Balcony similar fate befalls. Many owners make of balconies and loggias these stocks outright junk. Otherwise, you can not call a broken bike smashed children's skis, which is a pity to throw, but to use them to their destination is clearly no one will have. Warming of the balcony of the apartment will help rid of the debris and give some useful meters.
However, there is a modern, practical and economical solution - to equip the small room on the balcony for relaxing, playing or even a small gym. Avoid common mistakes. The main reason - banal haste. Hastily inserted windows, smeared crack, put an electric radiator. But later in the room is a pleasure to be infrequent. Coveted heat comes out, and the hosts are forced to contemplate passively. To be comfortable indoor balcony first be well warmed balcony. In this process, you need to highlight a few important points.

1. Windows

Installation of warm ups. It is important to state of the balcony railings. If she is strong enough, it is safe to insert windows. Otherwise, the need to strengthen the existing fence of another, not sparing funds for welding. Since the ultimate concern - warm, you should choose a model with a swinging version of windows open, multi or reflect infrared heat-saving windows.

2. Eliminating gaps

Eliminating gaps. Balcony windows, even with the set is still pretty cold. Through numerous cracks easily comes out warm, and the sooner, the colder the street. For sealing cracks apply polyurethane sealants. They are easy to use, durable, has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. One-component formulations should not be confused with difficulty adjusting proportion.

3. Insulation

Choosing the right insulation. Good thermal insulation takes away precious centimeters square, but this will have to accept. If the region inhabited by the owners of the balcony, winter lasts six months or more, you need to insulate everything parapet walls of the apartment, concrete slabs on top and bottom. The ceiling is insulated, even if the neighbors above have built on the balcony of the whole castle. In choosing the material in the first place must take into account its thermal conductivity, which is the lower, the better the material is suitable for thermal insulation. A great option - extruded polystyrene. He has a small thermal conductivity, it is light and does not disintegrate during installation, easily cut with an ordinary knife. If money tight, there is a way out - for thermal insulation of conventional foam sheets are purchased.

4. insulation works

Insulation works. When the heater has been acquired begin mounting work. Insulation materials are secured with dowels or glue - the apartment owners have the right to choose what they like most.
· The first way - the mounting area is well greased, do not forget to apply the adhesive also on the heater itself. Then, the two surfaces are joined. It should be noted that the glue, which is attached insulation, does not contain toluene - one of the most popular organic solvents.
· The second way - fastening with dowels. It is also simple. Plugs are mounted around the perimeter (in square meters must account for about ten fixtures).
With any method of fastening the seams between the sheets are filled with foam insulation (not containing toluene). Most careful owners combine the two mentioned ways, choosing the best in a particular area, or using both at the same reliability.
Choosing a method of fixture, start proper insulation works. On the floor and the bottom of the walls arranged waterproofing. Then does not hurt to trim the floor, then it is laid insulation. It should be remembered, and a vapor barrier, get rid of bad misfortune - mold. Often when installing insulation sloppy appearance of fungi is inevitable. Thermal insulation of the floor is completed laying on him polymer reinforced with mesh. The walls and ceiling are insulated much easier. Heater is mounted somehow, then the walls, "sewn" plasterboard resistant to moisture. The ceiling used successfully suspended construction of which are hidden wiring. Vapor is important here. The ideal solution - to put a vapor barrier before the insulation.

5. Finish and outer design

The exterior finish is best left to professionals with extensive experience in such work, and knows how to make a beautiful result. Finishing the balcony inside the owners easily fulfill their own. Moisture resistant gypsum board is easily painted in any color you like. Also, the walls can be covered with panels of MDF. It is a modern material with many advantages. It looks good on the balcony wall paneling made of wood or plastic.

6. The additional heat

Installation of a separate heat source. In the presence of the insulating material, heat stays indoors, but it does not produce itself. Maybe build a "warm floor", install heating radiator, to build air conditioning. The final decision should be taken by the owners, according to their financial and other features. Of course, air conditioning is best to maintain a constant temperature in the room, but consumes a lot of energy and not all are allowed to install it.

вторник, 8 декабря 2015 г.

     How to put the tiles on the floor right

Deciding to use ceramic tiles on the kitchen floor or on the floor in the bathroom or toilet, you make the right choice, because it's really durable and reliable option. And if you still do not have experience, we suggest you learn from this article on how to put the tiles on the floor correctly. For this we consider the whole process step by step.

Step One: gruntuem

Before you start packing, we see that there is no need for additional sanding or screeds, which means that the floor must be clean and dry and perfectly smooth.

In the event that the audit was successful, start waterproofing and priming. First, gruntuem floor, then applied waterproofing, than when it should have several layers. First applied to the first, but after a while, when it dries, the second. After hours, you can start laying the tiles.

Step two: do layout

First, remove the baseboards and door jambs. Then draw lines marking. Ideally, you should have a plan on paper, which should be transferred to the floor.

Step Three: Prepare the adhesive solution

There are two options - buy the finished adhesive mixture or else the purchase and production of the solution on their own. How to prepare a solution writing on the packaging manufacturer, so there is nothing complicated about it. The main thing - remember the glue dries up pretty quickly. So, try to calculate precisely the amount of solution that you will use.

Step Four: laid tile

Using a spatula, observing strict angle, apply glue to the floor and align it to the layer was completely on the same level. At the same time, remember that the thickness of the solution layer can not be larger than the thickness of the tiles.

So, carefully lay the first tile series, corner of the room is not affected, because most likely the extreme tiles will require pruning, but we will deal with it towards the end of the positioning.

Step Five: align the tiles

In time of how you will check the degree of flatness of the tiles, remember that there is a distance between the tiles, which are always the same. To use this level during installation and plastic cartons or crosses.

Step Six: overwrites the seams

Thus, once the tile is laid, during the day it is not necessary to touch. Once this time has passed, you can begin to grout. For this purpose the dry trowel mix, sold in specialty stores building. To apply grout, use a rubber spatula.

By the way, note that the grout should have time to wash away the time, otherwise it tightly cleave to the tile so that it remove the excess immediately after the finished grout.

And finally, a little advice - be patient about ten days, do not check your new flooring for durability. Let them dry completely and acclimatise. And, of course, congratulations on the invaluable experience of tiling.
HOW TO DELETE TULLE AND OTHER delicate tissue

To update tulle we need salt, liquid blue and vinegar.

1. Soak tulle in warm water at a temperature of 36 degrees by adding a lot of salt water. soften the water and salt will corrode the entire yellowing and dirt. The water will surprisingly dark - so strong effect of salt. Let otmoknet hour and a half.

2. to rinse again with warm water. The fact that from the hot water and other thin tulle fabric yellowing and become rigid. The water should be cool to the touch by hand. The temperature of the water is measured elbow as when bathing the child. It will be warm at the elbow the other sensitivity.

3. Once again, pour this water the same temperature now add the powder, the best! Wash, rinsing, do not squeeze!

4. Again, pour the water temperature is 36 degrees, add the vinegar - Big spoon per liter of water, in general, a little bit. It is necessary to tulle "Spark". The fibers of the fabric will shine, elasticity, the sun will amplify this effect. The fabric is overflow from the play of light!

5. Then pour the new water the same temperature, add water blueprints so that the water was a little blue. Your snow-white tulle will this procedure !!!

Item 5 and 4 can be combined, but the water with methylene blue should go last!

воскресенье, 6 декабря 2015 г.

How to prepare for the installation of plastic windows?

PVC is increasingly set. Someone is trying to do all the work yourself, and someone turns to the professionals. Better, of course, the second because the installation process is very complex, and incorrect installation can lead to poor functioning of even the best window.

However, even if you decide to call the expert to speed up the process, you should prepare in advance your house to install plastic windows. So you agree with the master of the time work. What should you do next?

The first thing to make way for the passage to the openings - push furniture and extra stuff that may hinder installers carry installed plastic windows from the door to the window opening. If you install multiple window designs, it is recommended to make all the furniture out of the room. Dismantled window usually just take out on the street, or the landing, but just in case you need to leave space in the room for them. If you do not prepare it all in advance, workers can damage your belongings in the process of work. And this will not be the master of guilt, as is almost always the task of preparing the premises of the owner of the apartment.

In order to protect the premises from dust, dirt and scratches, cover cabinets and upholstered furniture polyethylene film. Carpets best stand and on the floor lay a thick foil or corrugated board. This will protect the surface from subsidence construction dust and debris. This is really important, since even assuming that the master would be extra careful, construction works without construction dust and debris are not possible.

When the windows are installed, carry debris and old windows, and then remove the protective coating of furniture and the floor, wipe the dust and arrange things and furniture. After all this, you can safely enjoy life.
                     How to door slopes
How would carefully not installing doors, without additional finishing door slopes can not do. Fortunately, you can make the door, and the slopes with their own hands, without resorting to the help of a specialist finisher.
You will need
- Profile (28 * 27);
- Profile (60 * 27);
- Drill with paddle;
- Gypsum board;
- Suspension;
- Foam or plaster;
- Plaster;
- water;
- An emphasis;
- Silicone;
- PVC plastic;
- Decorative corner;
- level;
- roulette;
- Malka;
- Cement.
Instructions
1. There are at least four ways to trim door slopes: PVC panels attach to the frame, installation of plasterboard on a metal or wooden frame, plastering slopes and pasting on drywall assembly foam or plaster. Choose which of these methods is suitable in your case and begin to implement it.
2. Make the door slopes of plasterboard on the frame. For this purpose the length of the slope on both sides attach profile (28 * 27) and transversely to them - the profile (60 * 27). Fix the profiles on the old door slopes, using the suspension. After mounting frame obsheyte his gispokartonom.
3. Follow the finish door slopes by attaching drywall to assembly foam or plaster. Measure the dimensions of the slope and it cut drywall.
4. Then attach the cut-out piece of plasterboard to the door slopes and aligning it with the levels, find out how this will be located design element.
5. Mix the plaster, adding a little putty (it is necessary to extend the time to plaster).
6. Apply the plaster solution from the edge of the slope continuous strip and glue it drywall. When used as a fastening element assembly foam, apply it to the surface of the slope, then attach drywall and make a special stop (the foam is able to grow in volume, so if you do not make a stop, it will slope of the curve).
7. Make the slopes of PVC panels to the frame: to expose this profile, fasten the plastic cover on it, which obkleyte decorative edge area (to glue the silicone).
8. Oshtukaturte slopes. First, determine the angle of inclination of slopes (slopes can be either deployed or in direct).
9. Then expose on the level of the wooden rail or aluminum rule, securing it to the wall with a nail. To make it easier to align the slopes, from a piece of wood to make a special Malki said.
10. After this, moisten with water and slope scribble solution on the slope, and then align it Malka. After about 15 minutes, remove the rail (usually). Slope ready.
note
Before you begin to work with the door slopes, paste over the door leaf packaging film and the box - masking tape.
Helpful advice
On sale there are ready-made slopes - "transoms". When choosing them, first of all, pay attention to colors: the color of slopes should be combined with the color of the door frame.

вторник, 17 ноября 2015 г.

Technology manufacturing floor




Comfort in any room, office, home, creates a first floor. Poorly Lead styling, creaking or even, making a note of irritation. During the repair, yet it should be paid attention to. Production of floors is divided into three parts: Remove old paint, flooring then new coating and alignment.

The simplest process of repair, may be called disassembly. The old coating is removed very carefully so as not to damage the substrate. The next step of alignment can be made using the construction of precast floor also by means of tie sand and cement (such a method is applied when the surface requires the alignment of more than 3 cm), filling the pores and priming. Such work is usually carried out on their own builders and making them is not recommended.

Production of floors using self-leveling leveling compounds. The advantage of such mixtures is the fact that filling all the cracks, they form a thin tie, so the height of the room will not be affected. However, such a surface, long withers and can vspuchilis so after pouring on it traversed a spiked roller or a passage in a special shoe to remove the remaining air in the mixture, and nodules.

Dry styazhki- this innovation. They are quite efficient in comparison with for example cement-sand. They are used both in the construction of new buildings and in the repair of apartments. To align the sand is used with a special composition. This method allows us to produce the perfect outdoor surface to eliminate any, even the substantial flaws.

In order to produce high-quality surface, you need to properly perform preparatory work. You will need a laser or water level. Across the room it needs to "recapture" the zero level at a comfortable height for you. Randomly placed a mark, then use the level it is transferred to the other walls. Markers must be connected to each other, this line will be zero. So is determined rank.

The next step will be to identify differences and floor height. It is necessary for the proper calculation of the flow, and to correct billing ties. It is necessary to measure the distance from the zero level to the bottom in different places. On the wall distance recorded at each point. The highest will mean the lowest part of the lowest-highest part. They say the difference is how much height difference. Next, you need to follow the manufacturer's recommendations, the mixture used. Avoid frequent repairs can only be done properly work.

The most common types of insulation:


From building your own home, inevitably have to think about choosing the most appropriate and practical, but not very expensive material for insulation. Try to describe the most common types currently insulation for walls, consider the pros and cons to determine the best from the range that is presented in today's construction market

Mineral wool

Known since the Soviet era, this popular material has excellent thermal insulation properties and is relatively cheap. Note Mineral wool does not tolerate moisture, absorbs moisture and thus loses its positive properties. To protect the material from water, there is a need for additional waterproofing layer which leads to greater costs and more expensive project. Another no less important disadvantage of this heater is its low environmental friendliness. After all the components included in the mineral wool is quite toxic.

Foam

This insulation is also widespread, as well as mineral wool, its main advantage is the ease and excellent thermal insulation. The disadvantages of foam can be attributed to brittle mechanical influences, and are not resistant to sunlight. In addition, this material, as well as mineral wool absorbs moisture, and therefore also require additional waterproofing layer device. On top of this insulation is combustible, because what is not recommended for thermal insulation of wooden buildings.

Extruded styrofoam

In the manufacture of insulation used the same raw materials as for the foam, but using other technologies. With the latest technology it has increased performance, extruded polystyrene humidity resistant. Due to this, there is no need in the waterproofing layer, but the material does not let couples. Extruded polystyrene foam, as foam is flammable, it requires protection from UV rays. In areas where it is used, it is necessary to organize good ventilation system.

Polyurethane

Compared to sprochimi insulating materials, polyurethane has a weight dostoinstv- it is lightweight, very low thermal conductivity, ease of application by spraying. This insulation is completely harmless, is not afraid of moisture, is not affected by extreme temperatures, mechanical damage. It adheres well to any surface, with the installation does not require fastening. For all its advantages polyurethane foam is cheaper than mineral wool and will serve us to fifty years

суббота, 14 ноября 2015 г.

        8 reasons to use fiberglass for walls

Today there are many different materials that are perfectly suited for wall decoration. This man always tries to give priority to high-quality products that can boast of its ecological compatibility and durability. In this respect, one of the best finishing materials are fiberglass. This article will try to list all the benefits of their use in a modern interior.

Reason №1. Environmentally friendly

Glass fiber made entirely of environmentally friendly natural materials. Achieved product of a glass fiber, based on the dolomite, limestone and quartz sand. During manufacture the glass acquires flexibility and increased durability. The absence of toxic elements in the glass fiber can be used even for finishing such an important room as a children's room.

Reason №2. Fire safety

In modern conditions, when safety is above all one of the main criteria when choosing a finishing material is resistant to open flames. In this regard, to steklooboyami no complaints - they do not burn, and upon exposure to elevated temperatures, do not emit any harmful substances.

Reason №3. Hypoallergenic and hygienic

This is a very important advantages fiberglass, because they do not accumulate static electricity. And most importantly, they do not "stick" the dust.

Reason №4. The air permeability and moisture

Glass wall in an interior bathroom

Glass wall can "breathe", which allows their use in high humidity areas. Few materials can boast of such an advantage. Excellent breathability reduces the likelihood of mold and mildew on the walls to a minimum, and the humidity is a guarantee that the wallpaper will not flake and peel off under the influence of moisture.

Reason №5. The ability to realize any fantasy

Glass fiber - great finish for painting. These products may be coated with any kind of paint - latex, acrylic or latex. With fiberglass, you can "play" with the texture of the walls, change the pattern and color. To make the interior depth, you can use matte paint. To emphasize the texture of glossy paint will help.

Finishing material can be painted in a variety of colors, and even apply a stencil pattern. If you want to keep the tissue structure, it is sufficient to treat the fiberglass special transparent varnish.

Reason №6. Strength

Of the material is very durable and resistant to various cleaning agents. This means that the glass fiber can be cleaned if necessary. But this feature only applies to high-quality materials, so saving is not recommended. It is recommended to buy only proven fiberglass manufacturers.

Reason №7. It can be applied to various surfaces

The advantages include ease of fiberglass gluing. They can be used for decorating domestic and industrial premises. In addition, the material can be repeatedly applied layers of paint (25-30 times). If necessary, you can hang steklooboyami any furniture. This bag of tricks is very useful when you want to hide unsightly wardrobe in a nice interior.

Reason №8. Easy pasting wall

Glass fiber is very easy to glue on the ceilings, doors, and, of course, walls. However, no intricate requirements for the application does not exist. It is enough to cover the wall of a colorless primer, and only to smear the walls, which must be clean and smooth.

conclusions

Thus, glass - this is an excellent choice for demanding people, who know the value of quality products for interior decoration.
Bad electrician in the house - a ticking time bomb!

Wiring - one of the most important components to ensure a comfortable existence of owners of the home. Poor wiring system can be life threatening. It is enough to ignite a small spark. A fire started can cause not only material damage in the form of damage to the home, furniture and other valuables, but also take human lives.

In this connection, it is recommended to replace the old wiring new. Of course, you have to spend a significant amount of money. But is it appropriate to talk about the financial cost when it comes to security?
At what point can "trap" problems with the wiring?

1. Outputs and Plugs

These parts, defective and has long been erased, can cause a fire in the house. It should regularly monitor their condition and, if necessary, timely change.

2. Shield

A wiring problem can lie in the panel. The fact is that the modern appliances that consume relatively large amounts of electricity, provoke the development of processes of melting of the old fuse blocks. And this, in turn, leads to the fact that the data blocks "become" an extremely dangerous power unit.

3. Protective RCD

The problem is the shortage of housing in many data protection devices. According to the rules of the relevant rules of the switching devices must be at least 10. And in many apartments and houses has, at best, about 5 these devices. This lack of RCDs are generally entails wear:

• fuse blocks;

• electrical equipment;

• the entire electrical system.

Replacing the RCD should be engaged in a qualified technician. Strongly recommended to make this work on their own. After all, electricity - it is not something which can "play the hero!"

4. Switches

These devices, which have become obsolete, are no less dangerous. They can not properly cope with the heavy load. At any time you can simply hit the shock in contact with such a switch.

Independent intervention

Often there are cases when people are engaged in repairing electrical wiring yourself or required to perform this work unskilled masters. It becomes the cause of many ills.

The saddest thing is that people come to the solution of problems with the electrical wiring in this way in order to save cash. In this case, it is important to understand that you do not save, you expose yourself and your family members great danger.

In order to avoid disastrous consequences in the case of the wiring, it is recommended to contact the help only professional electricians. You can also apply to a company that specializes in providing such services. It is not necessary to be sure that the problem with the electrical outlet you will be able to correct yourself, studying the relevant benefits. Take care of your health and appreciate life!

четверг, 12 ноября 2015 г.

How to make a blind area (fundamentals)

Since the blind area should drain water from the house, then it certainly should be laid with a slope from the house. The slope depends on the blind area coverage: for gravel and cobble - 5-10% (5-10 cm by 1 m wide blind area); for asphalt and concrete - 3-5%.

Bias blind area
The width of the blind area take depending on the type of soil and the width of the eaves of the roof. In conventional ground it must be 20 cm wider than the eaves, but not less than 60 cm, on subsiding - not less than 1 meter.

The width of the blind area
Along the perimeter of the blind area is desirable to make a concrete tray for water drainage, for these purposes, you can use the sawn pipe, laid on the concrete base.

Removing water from the blind area
At the junction with the wall is done blind area expansion joint width of 1-2 cm. Sometimes, it is recommended to plug the sand or Epps, but it is better suited for this purpose two layers of roofing material, or bitumen or sealant. If the house is made basement waterproofing, it just shows the level of the blind area.

Compensation seam
Joining blind area with a wall or a tight cap can not, as in the case of low rainfall may suffer lining material, for example, showered tiles in the basement.
7 Secrets arrangement of paintings in the interior, to create harmony

1, try to have a small size paintings in the interior (photographs, engravings, etchings) in such a way that they can be considered a short distance (about 1 m), slightly below the level of a standing person view (the optimum height - 150 cm);

2 in selecting large-format paintings, and even with a large figure, it is important to provide an overview from a distance of several meters;

3 high resolution picture of the interior, as well as its active color can change the perception of the interior - visually reduce the area is too large room, so you need to consider such factors when choosing works of art;

4 picture is large or medium format will look better if its center is located at an altitude level view (perfect - 160 cm);

5 If the surface of the wall has active texture or coloring, put a picture in the mat with a wide brim, then the artistic details of the picture, and subtle color transitions will not be lost on a patterned background or billed wall;

6 is also necessary to consider the architectural division of the wall surface, the position of the upper edge of the door, the horizontal division of the built-in furniture and even the presence of the projections of cornices and fireplaces, while being careful composition "tie" format paintings such lines;

7 Remember that the big picture is not desirable in the interior have on small, as the top can work their weight visually "push" on the bottom.
Wireless coverage - a new word in the design.

Novelty design, allowing the ceiling to create an original, unusual decor of the walls and the floor, was the development of wireless coverage. The idea of ​​such coverage was proposed in the early 90-ies of the last century, but the embodiment of the wireless lighting system received only in the mid-nineties, and became public only in the present century.

The system is a wireless lighting bulbs, recessed into the panel, which includes two conductive layers. The presence of these layers eliminates the need for wires.

Advantages of the panels:
light weight (material production - polyurethane);
small thickness - 19-20 mm;
resistance to water;
good sound insulation qualities;
strength;
the possibility of using bilateral panels;
easy installation panels and fixtures: you just need to pierce the panel in the right place and install a light bulb;
the possibility of any trim panels (paint, plaster, wallpaper, fabric);
a large selection of drawings (due to small lamps - "fireflies" - you can create any bitmap);
large selection of lamps ("fireflies" can simulate a starry sky and the full ceiling lamps - to serve as the main lighting).
the reliability of electrical insulation when it is properly installed.
wide range of applications: it can be mounted on the ceiling, walls and floor, creating murals, paintings, used as the primary and secondary lighting, advertising stands and displays.
Panel operates under 12 volts.
In addition, we note the important fact - the panel itself is not a consumer of electricity.

Disadvantages of the wireless coverage:
artificial material;
the need for additional insulation when installing all metal elements;
the need to install and easily accessible additional electrical equipment, step-down transformer and a special connector. The connector is attached to the panel itself or on its face. This one connector can connect up to five panels.

Features of the installation:
Due to the small thickness of the installation almost "eaten" the height of the ceiling. It is therefore possible to use in rooms with low ceiling height and the creation of multi-level ceiling drywall.
Acceptable use of any fasteners, including liquid nails.
When using metal screws needed to isolate them to prevent short circuits.
Possible use of panels of any size, but at least 10 cm wide.
When installing lighting in the floor laminate, parquet or other flooring make the required number of holes into which the bulb is inserted and close their caps. A conductive plate previously placed under the laminate or other coating.
Thus, wireless panels are almost universal element of the decor, they are highly functional and easy to use. Wireless panel left plenty of room for your imagination.
            How to calculate the wiring

The calculation involves determining the necessary wiring cross section and makes use of wires and cables. Ultimately, wiring made of selected materials must comply with the fire and electrical safety.

You will need
calculator

Instructions
1. To determine the introductory section of the power cable is necessary to calculate the total capacity of all planned to use energy consumers (household appliances, heaters, electric boilers, stoves and ovens, lighting), and multiply it by a factor of 1.5. Even better - 2 to create a margin.
2. As is well known, passing an electric current through the conductor (and it is the greater, the more power the powered appliance) causes heating of the conductor. Acceptable for the most common insulated wire and cable heating is 55-75oS. Based on this, and selected cross section of the cable opening. If you calculate the total power load does not exceed the next 10 - 15 kW, enough to use a copper cable with a conductor cross-section 6 mm2, aluminum - 10 mm2. By increasing the load power by half-section tripled. 3.Privedennye numbers are valid for a single-phase power cable laying open. If he is laid hidden cross-section increases in half. When the three-phase wiring for power consumers can be doubled if the laying open, and 1.5 times at a hidden gasket.
4. For electrical sockets and lighting groups traditionally use wire having a cross-section of 2.5 mm2 (sockets) and 1.5 mm2 (lighting). Since many kitchen appliances, power tools and heating devices are very powerful energy consumers, to put them to supply the individual lines. There are guided by the following figures: a wire having a cross section of 1.5 mm2, is able to "pull" a load of 3 kW section 2.5mm2 - 4.5 kW to 4 mm2 allowable load capacity for 6 kW, and 6 mm 2 - 8 kW .

Helpful advice
Determine the required cross-section is not too difficult. This will require a minimum knowledge in the art, a calculator, and at least a rough plan of the electrical household appliances. It should be clear that any wiring is divided into two parts - introduction (power) and the rosette-lighting.
            How to breed silverfish

Powder jewel has a distinctive metallic color, able to protect the surface from any influence of any atmospheric phenomena. If you want to paint a radiator or oven, it is best to use a heat-resistant silverfish. To use this paint, you must first learn how to breed silverfish.
Secrets of high popularity

Powder silverfish

Protective and decorative features are the main reasons for the high incidence of silverfish. She coated metal surfaces, pipes, bridges, and even wood. Serebryanka consists of aluminum powder, nail polish and various pigments, but, despite its relatively simple structure, has the following advantages:
uniform, smooth, thin and does not peel off layer;
longer life (in the airspace - 7 years, in water - 3 years);
attractive, decorative surface;
corrosion resistance.
Pay attention! The only drawback is the high fire and explosion of the powder, which should only be stored in a tightly sealed container and away from open flame.

Methods of preparation

Preparation silverfish

For paint powder can be mixed with both the lacquer and varnish with only the latter must necessarily be of synthetic origin. Differences only when mixed in the same proportions. For example, for powder PAP-1 should be used lacquer BT-577 in a ratio of 2/5 (2 parts powder to 5 parts of varnish). The use of such inks maybe even at a temperature of 400 ° C.

Above it has been described what breed silverfish painting, and now let's talk about how to breed:

The powder mixture 1 PAA-1 to be gradually diluted using small portions of varnish and stir thoroughly, for example by means of a mixer.
2 For breeding PAP-2 can use any paint in the ratio of 1: 4 or 1: 3 (1 serving of powder to 3 or 4 m portions of varnish). After connecting all the components of the mixture turns thick enough, which use is not recommended.
3 silverfish right consistency depends on what you will paint: brush, spray or roller. For breeding silverfish is better to use with solvent, white spirit or turpentine. If you plan to use when painting gun, the powder is mixed with solvent in a ratio of 1: 1, and if the brush or roller, then 1: 0.5.
4 Dilution of aluminum powder can also be used synthetic varnish. Proportions recommended to follow are the same as in the case of a varnish.

The above-described methods of breeding silverfish lead to the following costs: with 100 grams of paint can be painted 1 m2.

When painting, be aware that:
effective coating of the surface with silver requires the application of at least 3 layers;
applying each successive layer can not give the desired effect if the previous layer has dried.
A few words about the coloring process

Staining

If you plan to do anything staining silverfish, do not forget:
wear personal protective equipment;
open all windows and doors are possible, in any case, do not work in a confined space;
take care of a well-prepared surface (on the metal must be absent: the old paint, dust, dirt, rust and oil, and wood should be sanded);
apply paint in several layers and give each layer to dry thoroughly;
primed surface can be painted a single layer;
if the jewel is not applied on a clean surface, avoid covering nitroemali, NBH and oil paint - is prohibited.

четверг, 29 октября 2015 г.

                 Choose a floor covering

Flooring is an important component of the complex repair. Today, the most urgent decisions are linoleum, laminate and parquet. Each type of coverage has its advantages and disadvantages, so the choice depends on personal preference and the planned budget.

Laminate flooring - modern and high-quality building material, which allows you to quickly and reliably arrange the floor in commercial premises and in the living room. Laminate board has excellent performance: it is resistant to mechanical deformation, easy to clean, very tolerant of load, if necessary, dismantled and re-installed. If done correctly, the installation of such a floor, not only looks great, but also provides good sound insulation.

According to the intensity of use laminate is divided into two groups: commercial and residential premises. Within each category there is a division in the model with a different degree of wear resistance. To view the range of laminated boards, you can click on the link, a wide range of decor and textures allows you to choose the design for any type of interior.

The design is dominated by the texture of wood or imitation stone, thanks to modern technology the appearance of the floor, made of laminate retains its appeal during the whole period of operation.

The upper level of the laminate is a layer of acrylic or melamine resin, it protects the surface from chips, scratches, mechanical damage, prevents the penetration of moisture inside. The base layer is composed of high-quality particle board, it provides the strength and reliability of the entire structure, namely the thickness of this layer depend insulating properties floor. It also affects the ability of the coating to protect the premises from unnecessary noise.

The bottom layer is the impregnation of the polymer resin, it protects the board from the influence of moisture, it provides little mobility, which compensates for any slight unevenness in the floor.

As laminate flooring has excellent hygienic characteristics: it does not emit harmful substances, fireproof, easy to clean, hypoallergenic, and its surface is perfect for people who care about their health. The material is resistant to rot, is not exposed to mold, it does not emit odors.
                     Sawdust, as a heater

Many people have their own suburban house because of its warming issue is always topical. Particularly acute, this problem arises with the onset of winter. So that winter does not bring disappointment in housing need in the warm worry about home insulation.

So for insulation you can use various thermal insulation, but most are a cheap chips (wood waste).

Sawdust, as a thermal insulator, used everywhere today. But do it right is not so easy as it seems at first glance. Sawdust can find in any wood processing enterprises. Before the introduction of chips, they should not soak scented varnish. This is done in order to have at home not settle in the mouse, because the smell repels them, with this method even more effective everyday rat poison.

After impregnation, the chips they need to dry because wet sawdust will rot inside your home that will bring great difficulties. The time needed for drying sawdust, can be carried out with the utility. For example, you can start preparing the walls or the floor (that part of the structure that you want to warm) to the insulation. For the preparation of the floor must be removed flooring (when working with the floor) and throw a "naked" walls with insulation walls.

If you just need a floor insulation layer rovnenko sprinkle sawdust height of approximately 5 cm. Even more time consuming insulation walls. In this case, it will be necessary plywood, sawdust and close to a lot of patience to correctly fill chips, because they can sleep out of plywood. But it is best to house warming conduct in full (floor, ceiling, walls) because the insulation of the 1st element will give a huge effect.
Tips for waterproofing bathrooms in a wooden house

To waterproofing bathroom in a wooden house was really good, and the abundance of moisture that there is going in large numbers, are not adversely affected the design of the structure, it is necessary to properly equip.

If earlier it was quite a challenge, but today, when the construction market offers a variety of materials, with proper and competent approach to business to solve this problem is quite simple.

And all the work with the appropriate tools and patience, you can make your own hands.

In a wooden house waterproofing bathroom be sure to perform both the floor and ceiling and wall.

Particular attention should be paid to waterproofing of the wall, which is in direct contact with the bath.
How is the waterproofing of the floor

Almost all the houses are made of wood, with wooden floors, respectively, and to the subfloor is also used wooden materials.

Today it is not a big problem when using high-quality waterproof materials such floor can be even is equipped with a heating system, including water.

For houses built of wood, there are several different variants of the device floor, namely: concrete screed and lags.

The first version of the specialists do not recommend, since it greatly aggravates the whole construction of the structure in general and contributes to the escape of heat from the premises.

In addition, the concrete base floor waterproofing is much more difficult to perform than on the basis of a floor made of a lag.

Therefore, a wooden house is recommended to equip the flooring on joists, and its waterproofing done with the use of special materials.

All the necessary work in this case it is possible to make the hands.

The first step is to perform a complete waterproofing the entire basement under the floor.

This can be done using a special mixture of plaster, which includes a variety of polymeric materials.

At work pay special attention to locations near the treatment of plaster walls. The same plaster can be used for surface treatment of the walls in the bathroom of a wooden house.

Furthermore, it should be using to build a small red brick special bars, after which the basic design to make installation of wood stoves.
"

It is mandatory to use all logs must be pre-treated with special antiseptic and allow them to dry well.

After that the installation finished lags on brick columns, in accordance with the technology.

Before you will be made laying floors themselves, necessarily need to carefully handle all the materials used special waterproofing layer.

Many experts strongly recommend the use of multiple layers of the waterproofing coating simultaneously.

For this purpose, perfect bitumen varnish, designed specifically for sex. It creates a timber for a quality protective layer and enhances its elasticity.

In addition, the floor is suitable for waterproofing paint and primer, which, among its main features, further enhances the strength of the wood material.

For effective waterproofing of the front surface of the floor using different types of parquet lacquers. Also for this purpose, you can use all kinds of stains.

In addition, the complex is permitted to use different layers of waterproofing to the floor.

Waterproofing treatment of walls

An important point in the regeneration of the bathroom in a wooden house is a waterproof wall finish.

Such waterproofing should be performed before the moment when the very walls are lined with an obverse base, for example, strips or drywall.

To do this, use a variety of materials. The base of the walls can be clad special plastic film having a high density.

To do this with the help of her stapler carefully fastened around the perimeter of the walls in the bathroom.

It is worth noting that in this case there is a need to think about the arrangement of ventilation, otherwise the bathroom in the room can observe a kind of greenhouse effect, which soon will have an impact on the surface of the walls.

As a base coat for walls in wooden houses often use the combined method, in which the walls are made in a lump of wood, and in the most humid areas are faced with tiles.

For waterproofing the walls in the bathroom of a wooden house, you can use a variety of materials.

For example, moisture resistant glass provide magnesium sheets, which are attached to the bottom wall.

Also suitable for this purpose special Akvapanel which consist of reinforced expanded polystyrene.

One of the advantages of this new material is that the panels themselves can be given absolutely any form, and besides, they are not deformed and does not overload the structure of the building.

Another effective way to perform waterproofing the walls - the use of liquid glass.

The layer of material applied to the surface of the wooden wall, giving it elasticity, and in addition having enhanced antiseptic properties.

Apply this composition on the walls of the best in several layers, particular attention is paid to the grouting.

To improve the waterproofing of the walls in the bathroom wooden structure can also use the so-called surface waterproofing.

It is a mixture of bitumen and polymer materials. They are applied over the entire base, especially carefully in the corners of walls and in the joints with floor and ceiling.

For the waterproofing of wooden walls in the bathroom are also suitable cement-polymer mastic. Their structure waterproof drive components and connecting elements that perfectly fill all the seams.

For more strength applied to the wooden wall waterproofing give glass cloth mesh, which must be placed between the base and the wall facing layer.

For better sealing joints of the walls and their joints in the area of ​​the ceiling and floor it is recommended to glue a layer of special sealing tape.

Make a waterproof bathroom wooden building with his own hands, everyone can.
Waterproofing of ceiling

The bathroom has a wooden house to improve waterproofing properties recommended ceiling.

The device is of the ceiling will help to effectively protect all hardwood floors from moisture.

In addition, under it there is a possibility to hide completely unnoticed as the ventilation system, and many other communications.

First we need to treat the base of the ceiling with special protective means and give it to dry completely.

As the face layer wooden ceiling in the bath can be recommended to use a moisture-resistant drywall or special gipsovolokno, which will provide a high waterproofing.

As the profiles under such coverage ceiling is better to use the ones that are designed for use on the street and have a protective coating against corrosion.

Assembled so you can paste over the ceiling steklooboyami that provide efficient hydraulic protection.

For effective sealing of the ceiling in the bathroom wooden building, it is better to use several layers of adequate protection.

So, it is recommended to thoroughly clean the entire surface of the ceiling and to treat it with primer.

Next, you need to use bitumen mastic, with particular attention in the processing of this material is given a waterproofing of cracks, corners and places near which hosts various communications.

After drying putty, you can proceed to the application of the next layer of waterproofing. In the case of flat sheeting mount his lap.

Only then can you start the final finishing of the ceiling in the bathroom.

All necessary work on waterproofing the ceiling can be done without too much difficulty with his own hands.
An important point during the works on waterproofing bathroom in a wooden house is the improvement of ventilation.

Only with this system all the moist air will not stay in the room and would be free to leave it.

To do this it is best to use a forced-air and exhaust mechanical ventilation, which is easy to assemble yourself.

In the area of ​​the ceiling will need to secure the two tubes, one - for the air flow, and the other - for the air outlet to the outside. On both ends of the ducts must be secured special protective funnel.

Next - made assembly and installation of the fan grilles at the entrances of the ventilation ducts.

вторник, 27 октября 2015 г.

          Replacing household chemicals

1. Mustard can wash the dishes! It is better to buy mustard flour. Pour on a wet sponge and three fatty dish - well washed!

2. The universal tool for cleaning around the house - a mixture of water mixed with vinegar, plus a few drops of lavender oil.

3. To wash the windows, dilute vinegar and water 1: 5, apply to the glass and wipe with paper or a soft cloth. Vinegar can be replaced by lemon juice.

4. To combat lime stains on the sink, tub, toilet water them with vinegar, sprinkle a little baking soda and let stand. Then they are easy to clean with a brush.

5. Whiten fabric can be as follows: 10 liters of water add 2 table. tablespoons of hydrogen peroxide and 1 table. a spoonful of ammonia.

6. Baking soda - oven cleaner. To remove the fat leave overnight a quarter cup of ammonia in the oven the next morning, wipe the baking soda. Effective cleaning is also more warm plate salt.

7. Clean the sewer use salt. It must fill the pipe and rinse with hot water.

8. Glass can be polished ammonia and soap.

9. A mirror with a mixture of vinegar and water in equal proportions.

10. Surprisingly corn starch works well for carpet cleaning. It needs to throw and then vacuum the surface.
          How to clean the washing machine

Pour 2 cups of white vinegar into the washing machine and run a long wash cycle with hot water without the addition of clothing and other detergents. Let the machine run for a few minutes to prepare a solution, and then temporarily stop the program execution to give him time to act on the dirt inside the tank.

After an hour, remove the washing machine to pause and wait for the wash. Then, run a short wash cycle to wash away the remnants of the solution. Vinegar will clear the washing machine from scale, remove soap and dirt accumulation, will help get rid of bacteria and odor. You can replace the vinegar with two cups of chlorine bleach, but it is more toxic agent.

After draining the water, wipe the inside of the door and the rubber seal around it with a soft cloth dampened with a mixture of equal amounts of water and vinegar. Sealers pay special attention, as they are often a trap for dirty water and various deposits. Then go over it with a damp cloth and wipe dry.

The described method can get rid of the musty smell that is often heard from the washing machine after washing. And to prevent the re-emergence of his sometimes when washing towels, add a glass of vinegar and wash them at high temperatures. This will not hurt a towel and help disinfect them. Also, with the removal of odors it copes baking soda, but it is not as disastrous for odor-causing bacteria.
                 Dry mixes for the floor

For screeds and self-leveling flooring mixture used. These mixtures after mixing with water and intensive mixing, thanks to the combined action of plasticizing additives and conservation, have properties of "liquid body." They may spread under its own weight, forming a flat surface. At the same time they have not observed sedimentation - separation with separation of water up and settling of aggregate. The use of polymeric modifiers provides high durability floor.

In mixtures for screeds as binder used Portland cement and gypsum, but for Exterior - Portland cement or aluminous cement. Experts advise to choose a non-shrink dry mixture. They are rapidly gaining strength and withstand the load to pass within 8-10 hours after application, and on its thermal insulation properties are very close to the wood.

воскресенье, 25 октября 2015 г.

                         Color and pattern

A few simple tips when choosing wallpaper for a room:

• Dark wallpaper is very good for bedrooms because with their help easy to create the warm and cozy room in the house. With dark walls more organically combined furniture in dark colors (wenge, chocolate), but also a simple and light furniture creates a striking contrast with the walls.
• The vertical stripe visually increase the ceiling height, but a bit narrow the wall.
• The horizontal bar on the contrary, push the wall, but the ceiling will seem lower than it actually is.
• Large drawing can be used to spacious rooms, and for small rooms is better to choose wallpaper with a small unobtrusive patterns that visually enlarge the living space.
• Wallpaper brilliantly under different lighting help to create a different specular effects - from cold to warm hues. Due to the imposition of gloss to a matte surface it would seem that the pattern consists of several layers, the amount will be, which is also visually increase the space of the room.
Try to paste one of the walls of the bedroom, bedside,
active ornament, and the rest of the walls painted in the favorite color

The desired shade

Not to be mistaken with a hint when choosing wallpaper in the shop, you need to take a sample wallpaper and move away from the bright light in that part of the room where the light is more subdued. Venture out with the samples does not make sense, because the apartment is usually no direct sunlight and artificial light is used. Of course, it is necessary first to determine the order of light bulbs installed in the room - cold or warm, and then find the appropriate lighting in the store.

ACTUAL REASONS

Do not be afraid to experiment! Now it is not difficult, because a choice of several options for win-win combination of wallpaper, proposed by designers as a bright accent pattern and neutral companion to him. The new season of fashion colors with textile ornaments, a variety of options cells and strips of denim, lace motifs and paisley (in cucumber), classic medallions and delicate floral patterns embossed air as if embroidered on cloth wallpaper.

PAPER AND interlining

Paper wallpaper popular for many years, are widely used in the decoration and now, that is. To. Have a number of advantages, environmentally friendly and allow the walls to breathe. But, of course, modern technology is rapidly evolving, and developers offer new types of wallpaper are more comfortable in the glueing. To this type belong, for example, non-woven wallpaper. Unlike paper when gluing them should strictly follow the instructions, cut into strips before gluing and apply the adhesive to a detailed sheet, non-woven wallpaper you just need to attach to the wall, smeared with glue and trim the excess pieces only after comparing the bands in drawing joint to joint. Fleece - an environmentally friendly material made from cellulose and polyester, so it can be glued and children's rooms, and the room where the living and working allergies.
Why fall off over time, tiles in the bathroom

Laying tiles, most often, is one of the finishing operations decoration. Therefore it is very disappointing when after a while it starts to fall off suddenly or covered with a network of cracks. All the more so to repair the defective portion is difficult.

How can you avoid such unfortunate incidents?

To do this you need to know the reasons why tiles may fall off from the wall or floor.

Reasons peeling tile from the bottom

The reasons on which tile can "leave home place" quite a lot: do not use a suitable adhesive. It is essential that glue was properly selected in accordance with the kind of the surface on which the tile is glued, and the type of the tile. Now there are many types of glue, so you need to consider the choice of with great attention.
The type of tiles depends on the speed with which it absorbs water. This is important, since the composition of adhesives have almost any cement which hardens on contact with water. And if the tiles quickly absorbs water, the glue just does not have time to gain strength. Watch out for the lifetime of the adhesive. If the adhesive overexpose, the tiles are not glued properly. All data are adhesive on its packaging. If you are not a great expert on tiling, it is best to dilute the glue in small portions, to have time to develop it within the time specified in the instructions. The cause of poor adhesion is adhesive and the surface to which the tile is glued, various additives can be introduced into the concrete composition in order to improve its properties or to accelerate hardening.
Sometimes tiles mounted on a poorly cleaned surface - such as old paint, or even the previous layer of tiles. It would not have praised various primers that have "death" to draw the glue to the wall, not worth the risk. It is better to spend time and effort to clean the surface of the old coating. In addition, it should be clean, dust-free, with no oil and rust stains. Often the cause of chipping tiles becomes irregular surface. Some artists, in order to accelerate the work, the tiles are mounted on poorly leveled surface, adding in some places a little more glue. It is also unacceptable. Glue is applied to the surface layer of a specific thickness specified in the instructions thereto. Too thick a layer causes deterioration of adhesion between the adhesive and the wall and, respectively, and tiles. The reason for peeling tiles may be incorrect adhesive agent. Some craftsmen, rather than apply the adhesive evenly over the entire surface of the tile with a notched trowel, apply it to the middle of the tiles slide and simply press it to the wall. Or even applied glue dot. All this reduces the contact area of ​​the tiles with the adhesive and lead to the fact that over time it begins to fall off in some places. Poor The dried before installing the tile surface can cause a marriage to work. Many modern tile adhesives applied on a dry surface. Therefore, after the treatment of the walls or floor primer is necessary as it should be dry. If, for example, dividing wall is thin and poorly anchored, tile may fall off. The new houses are not recommended to glue the tiles at once, you need to wait at home shrinkage. If all the work is done, the shrinkage, when the design is shifted relative to one another, several rows of the tiles can simply "cut off".

Causes of cracking tiles
There are also several reasons for cracking the tile:

Poor tiles.
From this no one is guaranteed, because the low-quality goods can be bought on the cheap and at great expense. Therefore, purchase materials for repair only in proven stores. Poor-quality gluing tiles - not on level ground or voids. In this situation, when the surface is accidentally pressed tile may break at the point where is located under it, "hump". If emptiness beneath it, just break off a piece of tile. This often happens with the corners of the tile.

The cause of cracks in the tile may be too quick drying glue, so that it simply "torn apart" tile. It is often found in areas with under-floor heating, which is lined with tiles.
Too early inclusion of heat can ruin all the work. How to repair the surface, if the tiles fell off What if the beauty of the room broken several dumps plitochki? In this situation, you need to figure out the reason why the tiles fell off. It is also possible to tap neighboring tiles - if the sound is muffled, it is likely, under them are empty and can be expected to follow "plitkopada." In this situation it is sometimes necessary to completely remove tiles, and repeat the work, but without mistakes.

If your research was successful, and the adjacent tiles are fixed well, then you can proceed to repair necessary to scrape the old tile grout, clean tiles from residues of glue. This should be done carefully, otherwise the tiles can not "take the place". The place where the tile, remove glue residue and the entire surface incised with something sharp. The depth of the scratches should not be less than 5 mm. Apply glue to the wall and on the tile thickness of about 2 mm. Insert the tile in place, lightly press. Let the adhesive dry for days, and wipe the seams. If the tiles fell and split, it will have to go to the store to pick up the pieces and the like. It is clear that you do not want to buy a pack of glue alone plitochki.
In this situation, you can use: A mixture of cement with PVA glue. Keeps well and then remove the tile without punch fail. The mixture was enamel paint with cement. It should have the consistency of sour cream. Promazyvat need and wall tiles.
How to choose a wire in their section and power

Sizing cables is an important step in the design of power supply a house or apartment. With insufficient wire section is overheated, which can lead to melting of the insulation and short-circuit, the consequences of which are unpredictable.

Conductor cross-sections are selected for the value flowing through them and the current can be determined from tables or calculated. Table section of the conductor wiring requirements are specified in the "Rules for Electrical Installation" (PUE). In the same normative document contains a table with the maximum permissible currents depending on the conductor cross-section and operating conditions. Below is a table of cases, most often encountered when installing wiring in houses and apartments.

Keep in mind that, according to the SAE-section of copper wires for homes must be at least 2.5 square meters. mm and 1.5 square meters. mm after them. Before wiring to examine the situation of the SAE on houses. Compliance with these requirements will allow them to improve the reliability of power supply and avoid claims of Energonadzor.

Rated load current wires As the table shows, the nominal load current of wires depends on the cooling of the conductors. Wire, laid in the walls, channels and pipes are not blown by air, so cool slowly. Thick wire transfer heat worse than thin and kept smaller current density. The current density is determined by dividing the allowable current to the wire size. For aluminum wires it is within 5 - 10 A / sq. mm, for copper - 7 - 15 A / sq. mm. Multiplying the current density of the load current can determine the required wire size.

Use for wiring the flat copper conductors - they are less oxidized and do not break at the joints, so are more reliable.

The use of aluminum in hazardous occupations prohibited without reason. Calculation of cable cross-section of the power consumers of electricity Calculation of wire sizes to start with the definition of the total power load on the electrical network. It is especially important to take into account the major power consumers, having the following characteristics: iron - 1 - 2 kW; washing machine - up to 2 kW; vacuum cleaner - 1 - 2 kW; water heater - about 2 kW; electric - 1 - 2 kW; Microwave - 0.6 - 2 kW; electric - up to 2 kW; Air conditioning - up to 3 kW; fridge - about 1 kW; electric heating boiler - 2 - 5 kW; lighting - power one light bulb, multiplied by the number of them. Power electrical appliances can be specified in the instruction manual. Calculate the total power of the consumers, and dividing its value by 220 volts, define the load current.

Further tables or find current density wire size.

When calculating the power you need to keep in mind that not all consumers are included at the same time - if the boiler is heating, air conditioning, no one uses it. This fact can be taken into account by multiplying by a factor of the total power demand. Empirically it found that for flats with a total power of 14 kW it is 0.8 to 20 kW - 0.65 kW to 50 kW - 0.5. For example, consider the selection of cable cross-section from the junction box to the kitchen outlets. The kitchen includes a refrigerator 1 kW, dishwasher - 1 kW electric - 2 kW microwave - 0.8 kW electric oven - 2 kW and air conditioning - 2 kW.

The total capacity is 8.8 kW. Multiply this value by a factor of 0.8 in demand and obtain 7.04 kW. Translate kilowatts in watts (1 kW = 1000 W) and determines the load current: I = 7040/220 = 32 A. As the table flush select twisted pair copper wire cross section Q3. mm or aluminum - 5 sq. mm. The same section we obtain by dividing current to the average values ​​of its density. Sometimes available unknown wire section. Knowing a diameter section readily determined by the formula S = 0,785D2, where D - diameter of the conductor. For stranded wires result is multiplied by 0.785.

How to properly prepare the wall to shtroblenie under wiring and what options exist shtrobleniya, tell our article, previously placed in the group.

вторник, 20 октября 2015 г.

How to skip wires and cables inside the wooden walls


Any repairs to your electrical systems will include routing of electrical wires on the new fixtures, switches, sockets and other wiring accessories. Follow these steps to hide the wires in the walls of the frame.

If your apartment has a wood-frame walls and partitions, you may be able to hide the wires in the wall. It depends on where you want to install electrical devices and whether there are horizontal struts or isolation on the road. To gain access you will have to drill a hole in the top or bottom of the wall base.
Running wires in the existing wall

Locate the wall and lift the parquet boards (flooring) and remove the insulation. Drill a hole with a drill

Wire feed down through the hole and into the wall cavity. The wire must pass freely, if not blocking insulation inside the wall.

Cut a hole in the wall at the location of the appliance. Pushes the cable through the hole.

Further, all on the same principle.

If running wires to the wall, you will need to drill holes in cross wooden poles.

Be sure to take all measures to protect the wires from accidental cuts, make the protective casing. if you need to protect your home from accidental fires.

суббота, 17 октября 2015 г.

Manifold for underfloor heating - advice on selection and installation


Manifold for underfloor heating, which is one of the most important components of the water floor heating circuit, is responsible for maintaining, preset thermostat, the temperature of the coolant.

Without it - it's hard to imagine the effective operation of the system, and full room heating.

Underfloor heating has a number of advantages compared with traditional radiators.

They appreciated in European countries where underfloor considered widespread, for example - in Norway in this way are heated more than half the buildings.

Unlike conventional steam heating radiators, air rises from the floor heating up, evenly distributing the heat around the room, thereby eliminating the possibility of drafts.

Thermal energy consumption, compared to conventional heat sinks - below 20 per cent, at the same temperatures.

Finally, the floor heating system does not spoil the design of their presence, because it is hidden from your eyes.

It is a network of mini-pipeline which is mounted within the space between the floor covering and the floor surface.

Pipelines filled circulating warmed coolant which, depending on the design features of the system of floor heating can be represented with a solution of ethylene glycol antifreeze, or water.
Choose collector

Before choosing a collector for water floor heating, it is necessary to coordinate it with the scheme of the system of floor heating.

This is due to two factors:
Firstly, the cost of distribution manifold floor heating;
Secondly, it depends on the security of the system.

The objective is to keep the reservoir coolant temperature within certain limits, which sets the value of the thermostat.

The heated and cooled thermal fluids are mixed together in a mixing manifold assembly - the main element of it.

Today, not only the collector for warm water floor, but mixing units to have a lot of modifications, the choice of which is dictated by the ease of installation and practicability.

Collector primarily selected for a particular system, taking into account that should be provided the necessary pressure created by the flow direction.

For the manufacture of some types of collectors used - brass, others - stainless steel. This is one of the factors influencing the formation of prices and causing the choice of one or another model.

The second important indicator that should be considered when selecting the collector is - the degree of complexity of the model.

For example, you can stop their attention on the collectors which incorporate a sensor to monitor coolant flow, drain valve and bleed screw, which increases system reliability.

To date, the collector node of thermoregulation is not considered a rarity.

It meets many different modifications having in its composition a variety of gauges, temperature sensors, components for air release, flow control and other accessories.

So, with so-called collector - flowmeter is a complete mixing unit. By using two thermometers can avoid heat losses in the system.

In each of the heating circuits is given its temperature thanks to a special device with brass comb and flowmeters.

This collector are:
thermal head, manned submersible probe;
thermostatic mixing valve;
Case for a special thermometer;
air vent.

The objective of the thermostatic valve is timely supply of hot water a certain volume.

This avoids all sorts of faults in the system. Thermostat with immersion probe tracking workflows in the system - to prevent all kinds of faults.

On the other hand, the large number of proposals for the collectors of the "warm floor" - one of the reasons that the buyer can not determine the choice.

If you choose, the most important thing to pay attention to the following points - the volume of the room where the installation of floor heating will, for what purpose and who will use the room, and of course the most important thing - the budget for the purchase.

For systems operating in the areas of small size, it will be enough plastic collector. For it is not subject to special requirements for thermoregulation.

Relatively inexpensive to buy manifold for underfloor heating, the kit which includes - and the meter is adjustable.

The latest technology is a group of floor heating mixers, along with the flowmeter having five outputs Icma.

Due to the possibility of balancing the circuit and accurate temperature-controlled, a high reliability of the system "warm floor".

Manifold for underfloor heating pump is effective in the sense that it is carried out by circulation of the coolant circuit.

Connection - Instructions chart

Connecting the collector floor heating is performed after the laying of pipes made for the coolant and manifold mounted cabinet.

Depending on the willingness of the owners of the apartment or house, collector ran into a wall cabinet or set otherwise, the main thing - that it did not create discomfort, but at the same time to it should be convenient connection pipes.

Considered below wiring diagram allows the collector to make the connection between the collector pipes and the boiler with his hands.

Connection

According to the algorithm, the installation begins with the installation of the collector shut-off valves (faucets), along with a thermometer.

It is much more convenient to buy a collector set as complete as it includes already have shut-off valves on all existing circuit outputs, including - supply and "tank line."

Because of this, not only to facilitate the installation of underfloor heating manifold, connecting pipes, coolants, but also has the ability to produce the desired shutdown circuit, without affecting the others.

Collectors of this type let manufacturers Valtec, Watts and REHAU.

For interconnecting the collectors, valves and pipes - used compressor fittings or special connectors, consisting of a brass nut, the bearing sleeve and the clamping ring.

It is not always connected elements are of the same diameter, in this case - can not do without-fitting adapter.

In its simplest form, is represented by a simple construction of sewers and stop valves.

Thus, the installation of underfloor heating manifold in a simplified form as follows:
to the manifold by a stopcock is connected the supply pipe and return stroke;
a collector connected to the pipes, heat-transfer system "warm floor".

The above diagram is a simplified version, which is used very rarely because of the fact that there is a dependence on the boiler - is to reduce the flow of coolant is immediately lowered floor heating.

Instructions for connecting

The modern circuit has a full adjustment of underfloor heating manifold.

They contain the following elements:
pumping and mixing unit (or a 3-way mixer);
air vent;
drain valve;
circulation pump, contributing to the movement of the coolant in the system

This arrangement allows the complete control of the system.
Doing their own hands

The collector floor heating with his hands - a very popular topic, which is explained by efficiency and deserved popularity of this type of outdoor heaters.

Very often artists with no experience of such work repels the complexity and difficulty of installation.

Homemade collector for underfloor heating should meet the design features underfloor heater.

The cheapest one homemade considered collector composed of check valves and having no possibility of adjustment.

Driving collector for underfloor heating with a connection of the control valve requires a greater investment, but - in every single branch of the coolant flow rate can be adjusted.

In other words, if necessary, for each room is possible to make adjustments of uniform heating.

In rare cases, it is advisable to use servos, as a complement to the valve, it is possible to automate the process.

The device is water reservoir floor as standard incorporates a supply and return manifolds.

Origin (another name - pressure) using a micrometer valve closes and opens the circuit at some point.

Control valves are adjusted return manifold pressure drop.

In practice - often fails to ensure that all circuits are equally had the same length and the load.

It is clear that due to the fact that the underfloor heating pipes are of different length - is uneven heating of the room.

There is a need for balancing the water supply control valves implemented.
Where to buy and how much?

The price collector for underfloor heating determined by the type of material used in its manufacture and the number of circuits.

The manufacturer guarantees the normal operation within two years. This is possible because high-quality materials and workmanship.

On the mechanical elements, a five-year warranty period.

Buy a collector for underfloor heating is most conveniently via express delivery, which requires an order in the online store.